WORLD
Foreign states seek Sudan evacuations after US pulls out diplomats
As a result of clashes between competing military factions that have brought about a humanitarian crisis, the United States announced that it has evacuated its embassy employees from Sudan. However, other countries’ evacuation plans appeared to be having difficulties on Sunday.
A convoy of French citizens was attacked, according to claims made by both the Rapid Support Forces (RSF) paramilitary group and the belligerent army of Sudan. One French individual was reportedly hurt in the incident, according to both groups. The French Foreign Ministry declined to comment on the reports, despite having earlier said that it was evacuating its residents and diplomatic personnel.
A convoy of Qataris traveling to Port Sudan was allegedly attacked and looted by the RSF, according to the army. Regarding any event, Doha made no quick statement.
Without going into any detail, Egypt reported that a member of its mission in the Sudan had been shot.
President Joe Biden reiterated pleas for a truce that have so far mostly gone unheeded while announcing that the U.S. was temporarily ceasing activities at its embassy in Khartoum but remained dedicated to the Sudanese people.
The belligerent parties must immediately and unconditionally halt hostilities, permit unrestricted humanitarian access, and respect the wishes of the Sudanese people, according to a statement from Biden.
Gunfire continued to resound in certain parts, as seen on live TV feeds, while thick smoke was still hanging over the capital, Khartoum, and its sister cities, Bahri and Ombdurman.
On April 15, four years after long-reigning despot Omar al-Bashir was overthrown in a popular uprising, fighting broke out in Khartoum and other regions of the country, resulting in the deaths of over 400 people.
It sets the RSF against the Sudanese army after they disagreed during talks over a proposal to establish a civilian administration and incorporate the RSF into the armed forces after they co-staged a coup in 2021.
The RSF, led by Mohamed Hamdan Dagalo, also known as Hemedti, and the army under Abdel Fattah al-Burhan have not adhered to ceasefires that had been agreed upon nearly every day, including a three-day ceasefire for the Muslim festival of Eid al-Fitr, which started on Friday.
Intense combat has persisted around the army’s headquarters in central Khartoum, the airport, which has been shut down by the fighting, and over the past two days in Bahri, where the army has attempted to push the RSF back using both ground forces and aerial attacks.
On Sunday, the RSF reported that dozens of its personnel had been “killed and injured” as a result of airstrikes on Bahri’s Kafouri district.
“We vehemently condemn this treacherous behavior, which is inconsistent with the declared commitment to the 72-hour truce,” the RSF stated in a statement.
CHINOOKS
Plans to restore civilian authority in Sudan were crushed when fighting broke out suddenly. It also put an already destitute nation in danger of a humanitarian catastrophe and raised the possibility of a larger battle involving external powers.
After been imprisoned in their houses or neighborhoods for days while they were being bombarded and had combatants running through the streets, many Khartoum residents may feel the need to evacuate in a panic if the violence ever eases.
Foreign nationals and diplomats have likewise had difficulty escaping.
MH-47 Chinook helicopters were among the aircraft used by special forces, according to American authorities, as they swept into Sudan’s capital on Saturday from a base in Djibouti. They spent about one hour on the ground to evacuate less than 100 individuals.
Lieutenant General Douglas Sims, the Joint Staff’s director of operations, said, “We did not take any small-arms fire on the way in and were able to get in and out without issue.”
According to Chris Maier, an assistant secretary of defense, the U.S. military may employ drone or satellite photography to identify dangers to Americans traveling through Sudan on overland routes or may place naval forces at the Port of Sudan to support Americans who are already there.
Some Americans and other nations, according to Under Secretary of State for Management John Bass, have successfully made the trek by land from Khartoum to Port Sudan on the Red Sea, which he described as being difficult given the shortage of food, gasoline, and reliably available water.
From Port Sudan on the Red Sea, 650 kilometers (400 miles) from Khartoum, Saudi Arabia has already evacuated Gulf nationals. The same journey will be taken by citizens of Jordan.
In order to prepare for their departure, Egypt, which has over 10,000 people living in Sudan, asked its citizens to travel to two consular offices: one in Port Sudan and one in Wadi Halfa, which is close to the Egyptian border. It advised Khartoum residents to remain indoors as they awaited an improvement in the situation.
In addition to Khartoum, reports of the deadliest violence have come from Darfur, a western region bordering Chad, where a conflict that began in 2003 has claimed 300,000 lives and left 2.7 million displaced.
Daphne Psaledakis and Phil Stewart in Washington, Khalid Abdelaziz in Khartoum, Ahmed Elimam and Hatem Maher in Cairo, and Aidan Lewis in writing and editing.
The death toll from the China earthquake rises to 149, with two still missing after a week. At least 149 people were murdered in a rural location in the northern part of China by one of the most severe earthquakes that China has seen in recent years, according to official media. Two people are still missing following the magnitude-6.2 earthquake a week ago.
The earthquake’s epicenter was located in an area encompassing both the provinces of Gansu and Qinghai. The Hui people of China, a relatively small ethnic minority that stands out for having a distinctive Muslim identity, reside in significant numbers in this area.
The quake’s violent vengeance was felt most strongly in Gansu. Almost 200,000 dwellings were destroyed, and 15,000 homes were on the verge of collapsing, according to reports from Chinese official media. In the province, the severe earthquakes caused 145,000 people to be displaced, and as of December 22, 117 people had been killed and 781 others had been injured.
According to official media, as of 11 p.m. (1500 GMT) on Sunday, 32 people had perished, and two more were still missing in the region of Qinghai, which is located west of Gansu.
The local authorities have determined that the shallowness of the earthquake is responsible for the severity of the damage. The thrust-type rupture during the earthquake and the comparatively soft sedimentary rock in the area contributed to the shakes’ significantly increased destructive power.
Most of the destroyed residences were constructed at an earlier age and were constructed out of brick-wood or earth-wood buildings. Because their load-bearing walls were created from the earth, the local authorities have stated they have inadequate defenses against earthquakes.
In addition, they stated that the tragedy has brought to light the critical need to increase the earthquake resilience of dwellings in rural areas.
Those provinces that are located on the northeastern limit of the tectonically active Qinghai-Tibetan plateau, which includes the majority of Tibet, Qinghai, Gansu, and sections of Xinjiang, as well as the rocky highlands in the western part of Sichuan, are prone to experiencing earthquakes.
In the province of Sichuan, a magnitude-6.6 earthquake occurred ten years ago, resulting in the injuries of over 6,700 people and the deaths of over 160 others. Two thousand seven hundred people lost their lives as a result of the devastating earthquake that struck Yushu, which is primarily Tibetan, in 2010.
As the tab for Britain’s controversial proposal to relocate asylum seekers to the East African nation continues to increase, the United Kingdom paid Rwanda an extra 100 million pounds ($126 million) in April. This was in addition to the 140 million pounds it had already provided Rwanda.
Even though the Rwanda project is at the core of the policy that British Prime Minister Rishi Sunak is employing to discourage illegal immigration, there have been no individuals sent to Rwanda as of yet due to legal challenges that have taken place since the initiative was introduced in 2022.
After Sunak’s immigration minister resigned this week, the polarizing policy is now regarded as a danger to Sunak’s leadership, which is anticipated to be challenged in the election that will take place the following year.
According to a letter that the British Ministry of the Interior issued on Thursday, the United Kingdom plans to give Rwanda fifty million pounds in addition to the 240 million pounds it has already provided to the East African nation.
The opposition Labour Party criticized the disclosures regarding the rising cost of a scheme that legal experts warned could collapse. Some parliamentarians within Sunak’s party are also expected to express their disapproval of the idea.
A statement by Yvette Cooper, the shadow interior minister for the Labour Party, on social networking site X, said, “Britain cannot afford more of this costly Tory chaos and farce.”
On Friday, however, the newly appointed minister for legal migration, Tom Pursglove, explained what he called the “investment” of 240 million pounds. He stated that once the Rwanda policy was operational, it would reduce the money spent on hosting asylum-seekers in the United Kingdom.
“When you consider that we are unacceptably spending 8 million pounds a day in the asylum system at the moment, it is a key part of our strategy to bring those costs down,” Pursglove explained to Sky News.
Pursglove stated that the money donated to Rwanda would assist in the country’s economic growth and help get the asylum relationship with the United Kingdom up and running.
There was no connection between the money sent to Rwanda and the treaty that the two nations signed on Tuesday, according to the letter from the Ministry of the Interior.
The treaty aims to respond to a ruling by the Supreme Court of the United Kingdom, which stated that the deportation plan would contravene local laws based on international human rights standards.
“The Government of Rwanda did not ask for any payment in order for a Treaty to be signed, nor was any offered,” according to the correspondence.
After Robert Jenrick resigned from his position as immigration minister on Wednesday, Sunak made a plea to fellow Conservative parliamentarians on Thursday to come together in support of his Rwanda proposal. He stated that the emergency legislation the government had drafted to get the scheme up and running did not go far enough.
On Tuesday, the Minister of the Interior of the United Kingdom, James Cleverly, came to Rwanda to sign a new treaty. This was done to circumvent a court judgment that blocked the government’s contentious policy of transferring asylum seekers to the East African nation.
The Rwandan plan is at the core of the government’s attempt to reduce migration, and it is being closely monitored by other nations who are considered to be considering policies that are comparable to Rwanda’s.
In a decision handed down a month ago, the Supreme Court of the United Kingdom stated that such a move would violate international human rights norms embedded in domestic legislation.
Following the decision, the United Kingdom has been making efforts to revise its agreement with Rwanda to incorporate a legally binding treaty that guarantees Rwanda would not remove asylum seekers brought there by the United Kingdom. This is one of the primary concerns of the court.
Several attorneys and charitable organizations have said that it is highly improbable that deportation flights will begin before the election. With a lead of more than ten percentage points in the polls, the opposition Labour Party intends to abandon the Rwanda policy if it is victorious.
A meeting between Cleverly, who arrived in Kigali, the capital of Rwanda, on Tuesday morning, and Vincent Biruta, the country’s Minister of Foreign Affairs, is scheduled to take place to sign the agreement.
“Rwanda cares deeply about the rights of refugees, and I look forward to meeting with counterparts to sign this agreement and further discuss how we work together to tackle the global challenge of illegal migration,” Cleverly says.
The United Kingdom aims to transfer thousands of asylum seekers who came to its beaches without authorization to Rwanda under the plan that was agreed upon the previous year. This discourages migrants from crossing the Channel from Europe in tiny boats.
In exchange, Rwanda has been given an initial payment of 140 million pounds, equivalent to 180 million dollars, along with the promise of additional funds to cover the costs of housing and medical treatment for any deported persons.
THE PRESSURE
A great deal of pressure is being put on Prime Minister Rishi Sunak to reduce net migration, which reached a record high of 745 thousand people in the previous year, with the vast majority of migrants entering through legal channels.
“Stop the boats” is one of the five goals that Sunak has set for his government. The influx of asylum seekers who pay people smugglers for their crossings of the Channel, which frequently take place in boats that are overloaded and not seaworthy, is one of the aims that Sunak has set.
The Supreme Court determined that the Rwanda plan should not be implemented because there was a possibility that refugees who were deported would have their claims incorrectly evaluated or that they would be sent back to their country of origin to suffer persecution.
In the latter part of this week, it is anticipated that the new treaty will be followed by the release of legislation declaring Rwanda a so-called safe nation. This law is intended to prevent legal challenges against the planned deportation flights.
Despite this, this will probably result in a fresh set of political and legal difficulties.
An immigration attorney at Harbottle & Lewis named Sarah Gogan stated that the government’s policy will be challenged due to Rwanda’s history of violations of human rights provisions.
“Rwanda is an unsafe country and this is not a quick fix,” added the politician. “You cannot in a matter of weeks or months reform a country and turn it into one with an impartial judiciary and administrative culture.”
Another “gimmick” was what Yvette Cooper, the spokesperson for the Labour Party’s home affairs department, called the most recent measures proposed by the administration.
Whether or not to design the law in a way that would avoid subsequent legal challenges is still up for debate by the administration.
Several members of the Conservative Party in parliament are putting pressure on the government to incorporate a “notwithstanding” clause into Rwanda’s policy. This clause would disapprove the domestic and international human rights commitments of the United Kingdom regarding Rwanda.
However, some politicians within the ruling party, such as Robert Buckland, have stated that such a move would be “foolish” and undermine the Good Friday Agreement, which is primarily responsible for ending three decades of carnage in Northern Ireland. This is because the European Convention on Human Rights supports the treaty.
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The Maldives upgrades ties with China amid pivot from India.
